The composition of raw materials for fancy plywood is relatively complex. Oak has a rough texture, good wear resistance and anti-deformation ability, making the plywood made of it have good stability; walnut has an elegant color and delicate texture, endowing the plywood with a noble texture; cherry has a soft color and a unique luster, making the plywood present a warm and natural atmosphere.They are relatively light in texture, relatively affordable in price, and have certain elasticity and toughness. In some application scenarios where the strength requirement is relatively not high, but cost control and appearance effect are emphasized, fancy plywood with pine substrate has certain advantages. However, compared with hardwoods, softwoods have lower density and hardness, and are slightly inferior in durability.
Image Source：699pic.com
The more layers, the higher the strength. Its structure is uniform, and its processing performance is good, making it one of the commonly used substrates for fancy plywood. Particleboard is made of wood chips or other lignocellulosic materials, which are glued together under heat and pressure after applying adhesives. Particleboard has a flat surface, can be subjected to various veneer treatments, and has a relatively low cost. However, the density distribution of particleboard is not uniform enough, and its nail-holding power is poor, so its application is limited in some occasions with high requirements for structural strength. Fiberboard is made from wood fibers or other plant fibers through processes such as fiber preparation, gluing, forming, and hot pressing. According to different densities, it is divided into low-density fiberboard, medium-density fiberboard, and high-density fiberboard. Medium-density fiberboard has a uniform texture, a smooth surface, and is easy to process. It is widely used in fancy plywood. It can well absorb the veneer material, making the veneer effect more beautiful and firm.
Veneer materials are also rich and diverse. Natural wood veneer is an important category, among which precious tree species veneers such as teak, ebony, and red sandalwood are the top choices for fancy plywood. Teak is rich in oil, has excellent corrosion resistance and durability, and its unique golden color and beautiful texture exude a noble and elegant atmosphere; ebony veneer has a deep color and delicate texture, giving people a mysterious and solemn feeling; red sandalwood veneer shows unparalleled luxury with its deep purple-red color and unique texture. The use of these precious tree species veneers has greatly improved the decorative effect and added value of the plywood, but due to the scarcity of resources, the price is expensive. Veneers of common tree species such as birch and maple also occupy a certain market in fancy plywood. Birch veneer has a light color and clear texture, with good decorativeness; maple veneer has an elegant color and beautiful texture, giving people a fresh and natural feeling. They are relatively affordable in price and can meet consumers' pursuit of natural wood texture, so they are widely used in the mid-to-high-end market.
Engineered wood veneer is obtained by reorganizing, dyeing, processing and other treatments on ordinary wood. It has the advantages of regular texture, uniform color, and can be customized according to needs. Its stability is better than that of natural wood veneer, it is not easy to crack or deform, and its cost is relatively low, so its application in the field of fancy plywood is becoming more and more extensive. Among other veneer materials, thin wood decorative paper is made of high-quality paper as the base material, with various exquisite wood grain or other decorative patterns printed on the surface, and then impregnated with melamine resin and other treatments. Metal foils such as aluminum foil and copper foil can be used for veneering fancy plywood, endowing the board with a unique metallic texture and luster. Metal foil veneered plywood is widely used in some modern and industrial style decorations, which can create a fashionable and high-end atmosphere. However, the processing of metal foil is more difficult, the cost is higher, and the weight is relatively heavy.
In terms of environmental performance, first of all, we should pay attention to the environmental friendliness of adhesives. In the production process of plywood, adhesives are essential materials. Traditional "three aldehyde" adhesives, namely urea-formaldehyde resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin, were once widely used because of their low cost and good bonding performance. However, these adhesives will release free formaldehyde during use, which will cause serious pollution to indoor air quality. Formaldehyde is a colorless and irritating gas. Long-term exposure to an environment containing formaldehyde will cause many harms to human health, such as respiratory diseases, allergic reactions, and even may induce cancer. With the improvement of people's environmental awareness and attention to health, the use of traditional "three aldehyde" adhesives has been more and more restricted. In order to solve the environmental problems of traditional adhesives, the industry has continuously developed new environmentally friendly adhesives. At present, environmentally friendly adhesives such as water-based adhesives, soy protein adhesives, and biomass adhesives have gradually been applied. Water-based adhesives use water as the dispersion medium, with low volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, which is environmentally friendly; soy protein adhesives are made from soybean meal after soybean oil extraction through special processes, which not only realizes the secondary utilization of resources, but also does not contain harmful substances such as formaldehyde, and the formaldehyde emission of the prepared boards is extremely low; biomass adhesives are made from natural raw materials such as corn, which also have the characteristics of green environmental protection. The emergence of these environmentally friendly adhesives has made it possible to produce fancy plywood with low formaldehyde emission or even formaldehyde-free addition.
